On theory x, we are selfinterested individuals who seek wealth and pleasure. Xy theory questionnaire score the statements 5 always, 4 mostly, 3 often, 2 occasionally, 1 rarely, 0 never to indicate whether the situation and management style is x or y. He is best known for his development of the theory x and theory y, a leadership theory on two different leadership styles. Mcgregor s work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of abraham maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs. Mcgregor s book, the human side of enterprise 1960, described theory x and theory y based upon maslow s original hierarchy of needs. Invision employees share their remote work secrets. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hierarchy into lowerorder needs theory x and higherorder needs theory y. He suggested that management could use either theories to motivate employees in most other cases, but would gain better results using theory y rather than theory x, because x appeals to higher level needs. Jika manajemennya yakin bahwa sebagian dari karyawannya tidak menyukai pekerjaannya, maka gaya manajemen akan cenderung ke gaya manajemen otoriter. In 1960, douglas mcgregor developed a leadership theory mcgregor theory x and theory y about organization and management in which he represented two opposing perceptions.
Mcgregors theory x and theory y are theories about human behavior and motivation in the organization that was published in 1960 by douglas mcgregor. Mcgregor podjal probe dalszych badan nad motywacja ludzka do pracy, ale niestety prace zostaly przerwane przez. Opisuje ona dwa zupelnie odmienne podejscia w stosunku do motywacji pracownikow. Theory x and theory y, introduced in the book and are known for management and human motivation. Oct 26, 2017 created using powtoon free sign up at create animated videos and animated presentations for free. Created using powtoon free sign up at create animated videos and animated presentations for free. In contrast to the principles of conventional management mentioned as theory x, the advocated theory y illuminated a cluster of new or redefined concepts such as selffulfilling prophecy and responsibility.
Mcgregor uwazal ze przedsiebiorstwa stosuja albo jedna albo druga. Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. Mcgregor came from a social psychology background and brought his. Dogan unlucan mcgregor theories x and theory y student. According to this view, management must actively intervene to get things done. Prepared for the sloan school 50th anniversary session on october 11 2002. Mcgregors 1960 third assertion was the most powerful one. Mcgregor, fra massachusetts institute of technology the human side of entreprise, og er en teori som skiller mellom to typer mennesker. Theory y looks at employees as self fulfilling and highly internally motivated. Teori x dan teori y menurut douglas mcgregor gaya manajemen suatu perusahaan sangat dipengaruhi oleh keyakinan dan asumsi manajemennya terhadap apa yang merupakan dorongan kerja karyawannya. The third reason george might act ethically is due to mcgregors x y theory. He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. Theory x can benefit a work place that utilizes an assembly line or manual.
Tutto su teoria x teoria y mcgregor teoria z ouchi. Mcgregor developed a philosophical view of humankind with his theory x and theory y in 1960. Garza sada 2501 sur, monterrey, nuevo leon, mexico, c. Read this article to learn about mcgregors theory of x and theory y. The concept of affective commitment has not been empirically investigated as a consequence of mcgregors management styles kopelman et al. Mcgregor grouped the hierarchy into a lower order theory x. Mcgregor uwazal ze przedsiebiorstwa stosuja albo jedna albo druga strategie. Alan chapman 200108 based on douglas mcgregors xy theory. Tato teoria rozdeluje pracovnikov a manazerov v organizacii do dvoch typickych skupin podla toho ako manazeri vedu svojich podriadenych, respektive ako sa podriadeni spravaju. His work is based upon maslows hierarchy of needs, where he grouped the hiera. X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Abstract this article presents a profile of the study of gas stations of management based on theory x and y from mcgregor, the goal is to explore whether the assumptions of mcgregors theory is critical to the performance of managers.
Mcgregorova teorie x a teoria y je teoria ludskeho spravania a motivacie v organizacii, ktora bola uverejnena v roku 1960 douglasom mcgregorom. Nov 25, 2019 douglas mcgregors theory incorporates both internal and external motivation. Manager xy attitudes are positively related to manager xy behaviors. Teori x dan teori y menurut douglas mcgregor ilmu manajemen. Mcgregors sets forth two alternative views of human nature first view are called theoryx and the second view is called theoryy. Y theories are based on diametrically opposed assumptions of human nature.
Douglas mcgregor s landmark book, the human side of enterprise 1960, changed the path of management thinking and practice. Mcgregors ideas suggest that there are two fundamental approaches to managing people. Questioning some of the fundamental assumptions about human behavior in organizations, he outlined a new role for managers. Douglas mcgregor is famous for his motivational models for approaching the human nature. If we relate this theory to maslow s hierarchy of needs, we see that theory x relates to lower order needs dominating people s motivation and theory y is dominated by the higher order needs. Theory x and theory y were both developed by douglas mcgregor, a social psychologist interested in the characteristics of successful organizations. Psycholog janusz reykowski w klasycznej pracy teoria motywacji a zarzadzanie. Critically evaluate mcgregors theroy x and theory y free.
W latach 60, psycholog spoleczny douglas mcgregor opracowal dwie kontrastujace ze soba teorie, na podstawie ktorych wyjasnil, jak zalozenia menedzerow. Mcgregors theory x and theory y theory of motivation. Douglas mcgregor w swoim modelu teorii x i y przedstawil dwa odmienne poglady na temat ludzkiej natury w podejsciu do pracy, obowiazkow i podejmowania. In the story as mcgregor tells it, and more especially as his successors resell it, the world of x is in a state of conflict. Many theorists support that mcgregors theory considers the field of management from a new angle, indicating a strong influential value. What is the difference between mcgregors theory x and.
Theory x and theory y of motivation explain with examples. After reading you will understand the background and the practical basics of these leadership styles what is theory x and theory y. The definitive guide stepbystep maslows hierarchy of needs. The latter theory holds that man is positive with potentiality to development. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi theory x an authoritarian style of management the average worker dislikes work. Employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play. After reading you will understand the background and the practical basics of these leadership styles. Mcgregors work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of.
Aug 24, 2010 there is a simple and obvious obscurity in mcgregors distinction between x and y a congenital flaw, perhaps, that sheds light on some of the developments that followed. A multilevel, multisource analysis article pdf available in journal of managerial issues 2714. Mcgregors xy theory is a natural rule for managing people. There is a simple and obvious obscurity in mcgregors distinction between x and y a congenital flaw, perhaps, that sheds light on some of the developments that followed. Mcgregors book, the human side of enterprise 1960, described theory x and theory y based upon maslows original hierarchy of needs. Given the drawbacks of theoryx, mcgregor developed an alternative theory of human behavior called theoryy. People will exercise selfdirection and selfcontrol if they are committed to the objectives. Take your hr comms to the next level with prezi video. The idea behind using letters x and y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness. Theory y is difficult to implement on the work floor of a large mass production operation, but can be used by managing professionals.
Douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a famous management professor in the field of personal development and motivational theory. Douglas mcgregor, uno psicologo sociale americano, ha proposto i suoi famosi modelli della teoria x e della teoria y nel suo libro the human side of enterprise 1960. My boss asks me politely to do things, gives me reasons why, and invites my suggestions. Mcgregors theory x and y in the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various. In a bibliography explaining current views on mcgregors two theory model, theory x and theory y. Theory xy douglas mcgregor and theory z william ouichi. Aug 21, 2015 this article describes the theory x and theory y of douglas mcgregor. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation. If we relate this theory to maslows hierarchy of needs, we see that theory x relates to lower order needs dominating peoples motivation and theory y is dominated by the higher order needs. Theory x theory x assumes that employees are naturally unmotivated and dislike working, and this encourages an authoritarian style of management. Xx wieku stosowana w zarzadzaniu zasobami ludzkimi, teorii zachowania organizacji i wzrostu organizacji. Mcgregors theory x and theory y is a simplistic, but useful account of two theories or visions of human behavior.
Nov 30, 2016 douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a famous management professor in the field of personal development and motivational theory. Therefore most people must be motivated by forcedbribed with the threat of punishment or a reward to produce effort and work towards organizational objectives. In the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various behaviors of professionals at work. Quotes about douglas mcgregor douglas mcgregor coined the two terms theory x and theory y and used them to label two sets of beliefs a manager might hold about the origins of human behaviour. The relationship between mcgregors xy theory management. Douglas mcgregors theory x and y by aevan fernandez on prezi. Theory x management style generally get poor results compare with managers use theory y, which produces better performance and results, and allows people to grow and develop. Douglas mcgregors theory x and y by aevan fernandez. Douglas mcgregors landmark book, the human side of enterprise 1960, changed the path of management thinking and practice.
Todo sobre teoria z del teoria x teoria y mcgregor ouchi. In 1960, douglas mcgregor developed a leadership theory mcgregor theory x and theory y about organization and management in which he represented two opposing perceptions about people. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. Per mcgregors 1960 cosmology, managers with more ytype attitudes would enact behaviors which reflect these fundamental assumptions. In 1960, douglas mcgregor formulated theory x and theory y suggesting two aspects of human behaviour at work, or in other words, two different views of individuals employees. Mcgregor suggests that theory y is the best approach to motivate and influence employees in an organisation. Theory x and theory y, given by mcgregor, are explained below with the main assumptions of each theory. These are two opposing behavioral models of approaching the work by. Control, achievement and continuous improvement achieved by enabling, empowering and giving responsibility. Theory x advocates for external motivation mainly through threat or punishment. He is best known for his development of the theory x and theory y, a leadership theory on two different leadership styles biography douglas mcgregor.
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